Race and Crime

In their essay "Western Europe, State Formation, and Genetic Pacification," anthropologists Peter Frost and Henry C. Harpending argue that in the twelfth century residents of Western Europe had a one percent chance of being murdered during their lives, and a one percent of being killed at the scene of crimes they committed, dying in custody, or being executed. By the beginning of the twentieth century many fewer people were murdered in the West. Many fewer were killed by criminal justice systems.Frost and Harpending maintain that lethal justice systems removed crime genes from the gene pools of white people, lowering the crime rates of the white race.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/147470491501300114

Crime genes are being discovered, despite lingering taboos against looking for them.

https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-29760212

In A Farewell to Alms: A Brief Economic History of the World economics professor at the University of California at Davis Gregory Clark, made a similar argument about England, using records from English churches.

In "The Roman State and Genetic Pacification," Peter Frost made the same argument about the Roman Empire. Over time the draconian criminal justice system of the Roman Empire killed people with crime genes, making the population of the empire less physically aggressive, and consequently less prone to revolt from the Empire, and less prone to commit crimes.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/147470491000800306

In this discussion I am describing a civilization as a city based society where the government has the effective monopoly on the legitimate use of violence. Until fairly recently criminals in civilized countries were killed. The few children some of them had rarely lived to adulthood.

Tribes exist where the government is weak, ineffective, or does not exist. While a civilization selects genetically against physical aggressiveness, a tribal society selects for it. In tribal societies all men participate in the wars. The best warriors have more than one wife, and consequently more sons who inherit their violent inclinations and talents. Men are expected to avenge wrongs done to themselves, their friends, and their relatives.

In the black majority, and consequently very dangerous city where I live, I often read in the local newspaper that a young black man has been shot, and is not identifying the shooter. While he recovers in a hospital he thinks, "I know who did it. I will get back at him when I get out." When he gets out he kills the man who shot him. The man's friends kill him. His friends kill them. So it goes. This is more than the culture of the underclass. It is the working of instincts that had survival value in the African jungle.

This is why races that have practiced civilization the longest - of course I mean whites and Orientals - have the lowest crime rates. These deserve to be called "the two civilized races." Racial differences in crime rates can be seen from the following chart compiled by the United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_intentional_homicide_rate

In the United States:

"Based on available data from 1980 to 2008—  Blacks were disproportionately represented as both homicide victims and offenders. The victimization rate for blacks (27.8 per 100,000) was 6 times higher than the rate for whites (4.5 per 100,000). The offending rate for blacks (34.4 per 100,000) was almost 8 times higher than the rate for whites (4.5 per 100,000)."

https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/htus8008.pdf

Characteristics that enabled the ancestors of Negroes to survive in the tribal societies of sub Saharan Africa earn for many of them felony convictions in civilized countries. A criminal justice system that is effective for whites and Orientals is insufficiently harsh for Negroes. Before the civil rights movement this was understood in the United States, and especially in the South. That is why, when a black man and a white man committed the same crime, the black man received more punishment.

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POVERTY AND CRIME

During the 1960s, for instance, the residents of San Francisco's Chinatown were among America's poorest people—with the most unemployment, the worst housing conditions, the least education, and the highest rate of tuberculosis in their city. Yet despite such hardships, only five people of Chinese ancestry went to jail in the entire state of California in 1965.[1]

Similarly, Jewish immigrants to America during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries also repudiated criminality despite having to face extreme economic deprivation. Historian Max Dimont describes them:

"The majority of these immigrants had arrived penniless, all their worldly belongings wrapped in a bundle.... Most of [them] arrived in New York. Some made their way into other cities,... but the majority remained in New York, settling in the Lower East Side of Manhattan, [which was] a neighborhood of the poor. Sociologists, with their impressive charts showing the number of toilets (or lack of the), the number of people per room, the low per capita income, paint a dismal picture of the Lower East Side Jewish slum. But their charts do not capture its uniqueness. Though it bred tuberculosis and rheumatism, it did not breed crime and venereal disease. It did not spawn illiteracy, illegitimate children, or deserted wives. Library cards were in constant use."[2]...

NOTES:
[1] James Q. Wilson and Richard Herrnstein, Crime and Human Nature (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1985), p. 473.
[2] Max I. Dimont, Jews, God, and History (New York: Penguin USA, 1994), pp. 373-374. (This book was originally published in 1962.)
http://www.politicalforum.com/index.php?threads/race-and-crime.575947/

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U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Bureau of Justice Statistics November 2011

Based on available data from 1980 to 2008—  Blacks were disproportionately represented as both homicide victims and offenders. The victimization rate for blacks (27.8 per 100,000) was 6 times higher than the rate for whites (4.5 per 100,000). The offending rate for blacks (34.4 per 100,000) was almost 8 times higher than the rate for whites.
https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/htus8008.pdf

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The high black crime rate cannot be explained by black poverty. It can be explain by instincts that had survival value in sub Saharan Africa.

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African Americans possess "violence" gene, researchers find

12:51pm, 11th May 2017

"We have identified a large Dutch kindred with a new form of X-linked nondysmorphic mild mental retardation. All affected males in this family show very characteristic abnormal behavior, in particular aggressive and sometimes violent behavior. Other types of impulsive behavior include arson, attempted rape, and exhibitionism. Attempted suicide has been reported in a single case. The locus for this disorder could be assigned to the Xpll-21 interval between DXS7 and DXS77 by linkage analysis using markers spanning the X chromosome. A maximal multipoint lod score of 3.69 was obtained at the monoamine oxidase type A (MAOA) locus in Xpll.23-11.4. Results of 24-h urine analysis in three affected males indicated a marked disturbance of monoamine metabolism. These data are compatible with a primary defect in the structural gene for MAOA and/or monoamine oxidase type B (MAOB). Normal platelet MAOB activity suggests that the unusual behavior pattern in this family may be caused by isolated MAOA deficiency."...

Analyses revealed that African-American males who carried the 2-repeat allele were, in comparison with other African-American male genotypes, significantly more likely to be arrested and incarcerated. Additional analyses revealed that African-American male carriers of the 2-repeat allele scored significantly higher on an antisocial phenotype index and on measures assessing involvement in violent behaviors over the life course. There was not any association between the 2-repeat allele and a continuously measured psychopathic personality traits scale. The effects of the 2-repeat allele could not be examined in Caucasian males because only 0.1% carried it."...

Controversially, there is a great deal of race-differential in the distribution of these genes. In one study of 2,574 whites and 164 blacks, Beaver et al. (2013) found that 5.2 of the black subjects possessed the highest risk 2R allele whereas only 0.1 percent of whites had it. Widom and Brzustowicz (2006) in a study of 180 whites and 98 non-whites found that 6.2 percent of the non-whites had it and 0.6 percent of whites had it. In one study of psychiatric patients, Reti et al. (2011) found that 4.7 percent of 232 blacks had the gene whereas only 0.5 percent of the 232 whites had it. Choe et al. (2014) found that 6 percent of 86 blacks had it whereas 0 percent of 106 whites had it.
https://www.tremr.com/Duck-Rabbit/african-americans-possess-violence-gene-researchers-find